Such colors can appear dull on paper. For maps that will be printed on an offset printing press, be aware of the effect that uncoated and coated paper stock will have on the appearance of the map. In our experience, the colors on maps printed on uncoated stock such as E30 paper will print somewhat darker than colors on maps printed on coated stock. Proper screening of base maps that have topographic contour lines is crucial to the usability of the base map and the overlying geologic data.
For offset-printed maps, we recommend 30 percent black for most topographic bases. Occasionally, 35 or 40 percent black is needed to make the topographic contours and other base information readable.
For enlarged topographic bases that have thick contour lines and thick type or reduced bases that have crowded and congested contour lines , it is sometimes necessary to screen the base at values as low as 20 percent black for offset-printed maps.
On some complex maps that are printed on offset presses, a separate brown printing ink is used for the base to improve clarity of map information. For on-demand maps printed on ink-jet plotters, we recommend 50 or 60 percent black for most topographic bases. Screen water features on base maps properly—rivers are shown in solid cyan; open water lakes, reservoirs in 20—30 percent cyan.
The topographic base map image should not have vegetation or urban tints or other tints or dense patterns. Where such tints and patterns are present on base maps, map unit colors are altered or look darker, and numbers and symbols can be hard to read.
For geologic maps that have both shaded-relief and topographic bases, proper screening of the topographic contours and numbers can be tricky. Such maps usually require topographic contours that are screened 40—50 percent black for offset printed maps. For on-demand maps, contours and numbers sometimes have to be shown as dark as 70 percent black to show through the shaded relief.
However, map designers who do not use MaPublisher or GIS software to select and view map data on screen may need paper color guides as described in this section. Before you select colors for a map, you will probably need paper color guides of the map and correlation. Color guides have preliminary colors assigned to map units and symbols.
Such colors are generally hastily assigned and serve only as a visual aid for making final color selections for the published map. We recommend bright, high-contrast colors for color guides so that it will be easy to distinguish all map units from each other. Color guides are helpful to view and study as final color selections are being made. The color guides reveal features of the map, such as map units that are numerous and cover large areas; map units that consist of only a few tiny areas; unusual shapes of map units; structural, stratigraphic, and age relationships of map units; and different kinds of line symbols and point symbols used on the map.
In addition, a copy of the description of map units and symbols is needed to refer to as colors are selected. The description of map units will provide information such as age of map units, lithology of map units, which map units are grouped together, and geographic location of tiny, hard-to-find map units.
Some very complex maps may need multiple color guides. Some complex maps will also need colored line guides and colored symbol guides, which help you see at a glance the abundance and different types of line and point symbols that will need to be color coded.
An effective job of color and pattern selection should start with the careful study of the color guides and the description of map units. Only then should the process of color selection begin. A color and pattern plan is a document that records the final color and pattern selections for a map. Once the map is published, the color and pattern plan is filed for future reference.
Some designers file a digital version of the color and pattern plan. Other designers think that users can refer to the digital file of a map as the record of color and pattern selections.
This document is a compilation of resources, techniques, and expertise dating back to the beginning of USGS geologic map making. In the early s, Jane Ciener devised the large color chart plate 1 that is included with this document. Doug Stoeser provided funds and the driving force for digitizing the color chart.
The final layout and design were done by Carol Quesenberry. NOTE: This book is printed on pound white coated text dull finish paper. The front and back covers are printed on pound white litho coated cover stock with aqueous coating. Plate 1 is printed on pound white map lithograph finish uncoated paper. This information provides tools to help make PDF files accessible.
In addition, an accessible version of Acrobat Reader 6. These tools and the accessible reader may be obtained free from Adobe at Adobe Access.
Section 37 - Lithologic Patterns CS2 [2. PDF [66 kb]. AI8 [9. CS2 [8. PDF [2. AI8 [ CS2 [ Download a free copy of the latest version of Adobe Reader. Department of the Interior U. PDF [ PDF [75 kb]. PDF [61 kb]. Index to the symbols in Appendix A and to the topics in the introductory text. PDF [52 kb]. PDF [56 kb]. PDF [96 kb]. PDF [92 kb]. Send your request to the following individuals and they will discuss details with you and inform you of the next steps. Seth Dee — sdee unr. Reno, NV ph. Is there a cost involved in publishing a geologic map through NBMG?
Can I still get my map published? In other cases the author does not have funds to cover our work, so in those situations what usually happens is an internal discussion between our Director and others will occur to determine a whether we have internal funds available or b whether we need to seek funds from an outside organization. Does my map need to be in GIS in order to submit for publication? Does my map need to be peer-reviewed? What does the peer-review process entail? What is the difference between a map published as an Open-File Report vs.
Map series? What symbols should I use on my geologic map? Does NBMG have a style guide? What sort of things do the NBMG editors and reviewers look for, and what can I do to streamline the editorial process? Who do I contact to get the ball rolling? Free Announcement. Browse Our Premium Illustrator Templates Choose from thousands of graphic design layouts for Illustrator that you can customize for any project. Illustrator Brochure Templates. Illustrator Tri-Fold Brochure Templates.
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